Afar

The Afar people, primarily residing in the Horn of Africa, speak the Afar language as their primary language. The Afar language, also known as Qafaraf, is a Cushitic language within the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is predominantly spoken in the Afar Region of Ethiopia, the southern part of Eritrea, and Djibouti. ### Primary Language: - **Afar (Qafaraf):** This is the primary language of the Afar people. It is used in daily communication, cultural practices, and traditional storytelling. The language has its own script, though it is often written using the Latin alphabet for practical purposes. ### Dialects: The Afar language has several dialects, which can vary slightly depending on the region. These dialects are mutually intelligible but may have variations in pronunciation, vocabulary, and certain grammatical structures. Some of the known dialects include: - **Northern Afar:** Spoken in the northern parts of the Afar Region and Eritrea. - **Central Afar:** Found in the central areas of the Afar Region. - **Southern Afar:** Used in the southern parts of the Afar Region and Djibouti. ### Other Languages: In addition to the Afar language, the Afar people often speak other languages due to regional interactions and administrative necessities: - **Amharic:** In Ethiopia, Amharic is the official language, and many Afar people are bilingual, using Amharic for government, education, and trade. - **Arabic:** In Djibouti and parts of Eritrea, Arabic is commonly spoken. Many Afar people in these regions are familiar with Arabic, especially for religious purposes, as Islam is the predominant religion among the Afar. - **French:** In Djibouti, French is an official language, and it is used in education and government. Some Afar people in Djibouti are conversant in French. - **Tigrinya:** In Eritrea, Tigrinya is widely spoken, and some Afar people in Eritrea may also speak Tigrinya, especially in urban areas or for administrative purposes. The multilingual nature of the Afar people reflects their historical interactions and the geopolitical landscape of the Horn of Africa.

The Afar people, also known as the Danakil, are an ethnic group primarily residing in the Horn of Africa, specifically in the Afar Region of Ethiopia,

Afemai

Etsako, English, Edo

The Afemai, also known as Afenmai, are an ethnic group located in the northern part of Edo State in southern Nigeria. They are known for their rich cu

Afghan

Afghanistan is a linguistically diverse country with several languages spoken across its regions. The primary languages are Dari and Pashto, both of which are also official languages of the country. 1. **Dari**: Often referred to as Afghan Persian, Dari is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan and serves as the lingua franca for the majority of the population. It is predominantly spoken in the northern, western, and central regions of the country. Dari is mutually intelligible with Persian spoken in Iran, though there are some differences in pronunciation and vocabulary. Key dialects of Dari include: - **Kabuli**: The dialect spoken in Kabul, the capital, which is considered the standard form of Dari. - **Herati**: Spoken in the western city of Herat, this dialect has influences from Persian due to its proximity to Iran. - **Hazaragi**: Spoken by the Hazara people, primarily in the central highlands known as Hazarajat. It incorporates many Mongolic and Turkic loanwords. 2. **Pashto**: The other official language, Pashto, is primarily spoken in the southern and eastern regions of Afghanistan. It is the native language of the Pashtun ethnic group, the largest ethnic group in the country. Pashto has several dialects, including: - **Kandahari**: Spoken in the southern city of Kandahar, this dialect is considered one of the standard forms of Pashto. - **Peshawari**: Found in the eastern regions near the border with Pakistan, particularly around Peshawar. - **Quetta**: Spoken by Pashtuns in the Quetta region of Pakistan, which influences some Afghan dialects. 3. **Uzbek**: Spoken by the Uzbek ethnic minority, primarily in the northern provinces. It is a Turkic language and has several dialects influenced by neighboring countries. 4. **Turkmen**: Another Turkic language spoken by the Turkmen minority, mainly in the northwestern parts of Afghanistan. 5. **Balochi**: Spoken by the Baloch people in the southwestern regions, particularly in the province of Nimroz. 6. **Pashayi**: A Dardic language spoken by the Pashayi people in the eastern provinces, such as Laghman and Nangarhar. 7. **Nuristani**: A group of closely related languages spoken by the Nuristani people in the eastern mountainous

Afghan culture is a rich tapestry woven from a diverse array of ethnic groups, languages, and traditions, reflecting its position at the crossroads of

Afghan Tatars

Tatar, Pashto, Dari

The Afghan Tatars are a minority group in Afghanistan, with a rich cultural heritage that incorporates Tatar traditions and Afghan customs. They maint

African American

English

African_American is a cultural group from North America who primarily speak English.

Akan

Twi, Fante, Akan +1

The Akan people are a culturally rich group primarily located in Ghana and the Ivory Coast. They are known for their vibrant traditions, art, and soci

Alavi Bohras

Gujarati, Arabic, English

A small, close-knit community, the Alavi Bohras are known for their religious dedication, cultural richness, and emphasis on education.

Albanians

Albanian, Greek, Italian +1

Albanian culture is rich and diverse, influenced by a blend of Illyrian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman elements. It is deeply rooted in family

Algerian

Algeria is a linguistically diverse country with a rich tapestry of languages and dialects. The primary language of Algeria is Arabic, specifically Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is used in official documents, education, and media. However, the everyday spoken language for most Algerians is Algerian Arabic, also known as Darja. This dialect is a colloquial form of Arabic that incorporates elements from Berber, French, and Turkish, reflecting Algeria's complex history. In addition to Arabic, Berber languages, collectively referred to as Tamazight, are also widely spoken. Tamazight was recognized as a national language in 2002 and an official language alongside Arabic in 2016. There are several Berber dialects spoken across different regions of Algeria: 1. **Kabyle (Taqbaylit):** Predominantly spoken in the Kabylie region, east of Algiers. It is one of the most widely spoken Berber languages in Algeria and has a significant body of literature and media. 2. **Chaoui (Tachawit):** Spoken in the Aurès Mountains in the eastern part of the country. The Chaoui people have a distinct cultural identity and their language is an integral part of it. 3. **Mozabite (Tumzabt):** Used by the Mozabite people in the M'zab Valley, located in the northern Sahara. The Mozabites are known for their unique cultural and architectural heritage. 4. **Tuareg (Tamasheq):** Spoken by the Tuareg people in the southern regions of Algeria, particularly in the Sahara Desert. The Tuareg have a rich tradition of oral literature and are known for their distinctive script, Tifinagh. 5. **Chenoua (Tachenwit):** Found in the Chenoua region, west of Algiers. It is one of the smaller Berber languages in terms of the number of speakers. French is another significant language in Algeria, a legacy of French colonial rule from 1830 to 1962. It is widely used in business, education, and media. Many Algerians are bilingual in Arabic and French, and French is often used as a second language in urban areas. In summary, Algeria's linguistic landscape is characterized by the coexistence of Arabic, Berber languages, and French, each playing a distinct role in the country's cultural and social fabric.

Algerian culture is a rich tapestry woven from a diverse history, a blend of indigenous Berber traditions, Arab influences, and the legacies of French

American

In the United States, the primary language spoken is English, specifically American English. This variant of English has its own set of dialects and regional accents that reflect the country's diverse cultural and historical influences. Here are some notable dialects and languages spoken across the United States: ### American English Dialects 1. **General American**: Often considered the "standard" American accent, it is commonly heard in the Midwest and parts of the West. It lacks the marked regional features found in other dialects. 2. **Southern American English**: This dialect is prevalent in the Southern United States and is characterized by its distinct vowel sounds and slower rhythm. Sub-dialects include Texan, Appalachian, and Cajun English. 3. **New England English**: Found in the northeastern states, this dialect includes variations such as Boston English, known for its non-rhoticity (dropping the 'r' sound) and unique vocabulary. 4. **New York City English**: Known for its distinctive pronunciation of vowels and the 'r' sound, this dialect is influenced by the city's diverse immigrant communities. 5. **African American Vernacular English (AAVE)**: Also known as Black English, this dialect has its own grammatical, phonological, and lexical features. It is spoken by many African Americans across the country. 6. **Chicano English**: A dialect spoken by some Mexican Americans, particularly in the Southwest. It incorporates elements of Spanish and English. 7. **Appalachian English**: Found in the Appalachian region, this dialect includes unique vocabulary and grammatical structures, such as the use of "a-" prefixing (e.g., "a-running"). ### Other Languages 1. **Spanish**: The second most spoken language in the U.S., Spanish is prevalent in states like California, Texas, Florida, and New York. It is spoken by Hispanic and Latino communities, with variations reflecting different countries of origin. 2. **Chinese**: Mandarin and Cantonese are widely spoken in Chinese American communities, particularly in cities like San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York. 3. **Tagalog**: The language of the Filipino community, Tagalog is commonly spoken in areas with large Filipino populations, such as California and Hawaii. 4. **Vietnamese**: Spoken by Vietnamese American communities, especially in states like California and Texas. 5. **French**: While not as widespread, French is spoken in parts of Louisiana (Cajun and Cre

American culture is a rich tapestry woven from diverse threads, reflecting the country's complex history and its commitment to ideals of freedom, equa

Amhara

Amhara

Major ethnic group in Ethiopia, known for their Orthodox Christian heritage and historical role in Ethiopian civilization.

Angolan

Portuguese, Umbundu, Kimbundu +2

Angolan culture is deeply rooted in its history and diverse ethnic groups, with significant influences from Portuguese colonization. It is known for i

Antarctica

English, Russian, Spanish +2

Antarctica is a continent dedicated to scientific research and governed by international treaties. It has no native population, and its culture is sha

Arab

Arab people primarily speak Arabic, which is a Central Semitic language and serves as the lingua franca across the Arab world. Arabic is the official language in 22 countries that are members of the Arab League. However, Arabic is not monolithic; it encompasses a wide variety of dialects and forms, which can be broadly categorized into three main types: Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), and the various regional dialects. 1. **Classical Arabic**: This is the language of the Quran and classical literature. It is considered the liturgical language of Islam and is used in religious contexts and traditional scholarly works. 2. **Modern Standard Arabic (MSA)**: MSA is a standardized and modernized form of Classical Arabic. It is used in formal settings, such as in the media, literature, and official communications across the Arab world. MSA is taught in schools and is understood by educated speakers throughout the Arab countries. 3. **Regional Dialects**: These are the spoken varieties of Arabic and can differ significantly from one region to another. Some of the major dialect groups include: - **Egyptian Arabic**: Spoken by over 100 million people, it is the most widely understood Arabic dialect due to Egypt's influential media industry. It is prevalent in Egypt and is often used in films and music. - **Levantine Arabic**: This includes dialects spoken in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Palestine. It is characterized by its own unique phonetic and lexical features. - **Gulf Arabic**: Spoken in the Arabian Peninsula, including countries like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Kuwait. It has several sub-dialects, such as Najdi and Hijazi in Saudi Arabia. - **Maghrebi Arabic**: Encompasses dialects spoken in North African countries like Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. These dialects are heavily influenced by Berber languages and French, making them quite distinct from other Arabic dialects. - **Sudanese Arabic**: Spoken in Sudan, it incorporates elements from local languages and has unique phonological characteristics. 4. **Other Languages**: In addition to Arabic, many Arab communities speak other languages due to historical, ethnic, or colonial influences: - **Berber (Amazigh)**: Spoken by the Berber people in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. It has several dialects, such as Tamazight

Arab culture is a rich tapestry woven from centuries of history, diverse influences, and a shared linguistic heritage. It spans across 22 countries in

Aragonese

Aragonese, Spanish

Aragonese culture reflects a blend of historical influences, including Roman, Islamic, and Christian legacies, contributing to its unique identity wit

Arapaho

Arapaho, English

The Arapaho people have a deep cultural heritage, with a strong emphasis on community, spirituality, and a connection to the land. They have faced num

Argentinian

In Argentina, the primary language spoken is Spanish, known locally as "Castellano." This version of Spanish has unique phonetic and grammatical characteristics that distinguish it from other Spanish dialects. One of the most notable features is the use of "voseo," where "vos" is used instead of "tú" for the informal second-person singular pronoun, accompanied by distinct verb conjugations. For example, "tú hablas" becomes "vos hablás." In addition to the standard Spanish, there are several regional dialects within Argentina. The Rioplatense Spanish, spoken in the Buenos Aires region and along the Río de la Plata, is characterized by its Italian influence, a result of the large Italian immigrant population. This dialect is known for its distinctive intonation and the use of "sh" or "zh" sounds for the "ll" and "y" sounds, known as "yeísmo." Argentina is also home to several indigenous languages. The most widely spoken indigenous language is Quechua, particularly in the northwest regions of the country. Other indigenous languages include Guaraní, spoken in the northeastern provinces near Paraguay, and Mapudungun, spoken by the Mapuche people in the southern regions of Patagonia. Additionally, due to immigration, there are communities where other languages are spoken. Italian, German, and Yiddish have historically been spoken by immigrant communities, although their use has declined over generations. In the Chaco region, there are Mennonite communities where Plautdietsch, a Low German dialect, is spoken. In urban areas, particularly Buenos Aires, there is also a presence of English, Portuguese, and Chinese, reflecting Argentina's diverse immigrant population and its role in international business and tourism.

Argentina, a vibrant and diverse nation in South America, boasts a rich cultural tapestry woven from its indigenous roots, European influences, and a

Argobba

Argobba, Amharic, Afar

The Argobba people are an ethnic minority in Ethiopia, with a unique language and culture influenced by historical trade and Islamic traditions.

Armenia

Armenian

Armenia, located in the South Caucasus region, is known for its mountainous landscapes and rich cultural history. It is one of the oldest Christian ci

Assiniboine

Nakota, English

The Assiniboine are a prominent Indigenous group with a rich cultural heritage, traditionally residing in the Northern Great Plains. They have a stron

Assyrians

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, Chaldean Neo-Aramaic, Turoyo +2

Assyrians are an ancient ethnic group known for their rich history and cultural contributions. Today, they are spread across the globe, maintaining a

Asturians

Asturian, Spanish

Asturians are a culturally rich community with deep roots in the historical region of Asturias. Their unique language, traditions, and celebrations, a

Australian

Australia is a linguistically diverse country with a rich tapestry of languages spoken across its vast landscape. Here’s a detailed look at the languages spoken in Australia: 1. **English**: - **Primary Language**: English is the de facto national language and is used in government, education, and media. Australian English has its own distinct accent, vocabulary, and slang. For example, "arvo" means afternoon, and "bush" refers to rural, undeveloped land. - **Dialects and Variations**: Within Australian English, there are variations such as Broad Australian English, General Australian English, and Cultivated Australian English, which differ mainly in accent and some vocabulary. 2. **Indigenous Languages**: - Australia is home to over 250 Indigenous languages, though many are endangered or have very few speakers. Some of the more widely spoken Indigenous languages include: - **Yolŋu Matha**: Spoken by the Yolŋu people in the Northern Territory. - **Pitjantjatjara**: Used by the Pitjantjatjara people in Central Australia. - **Arrernte**: Spoken in and around Alice Springs. - Efforts are ongoing to revive and maintain these languages through educational programs and community initiatives. 3. **Community Languages**: - Due to immigration, Australia is home to many languages from around the world. Some of the most commonly spoken community languages include: - **Mandarin**: Reflecting the significant Chinese community, Mandarin is the most spoken language after English. - **Arabic**: Widely spoken among communities from the Middle East and North Africa. - **Italian**: A legacy of post-World War II immigration, Italian remains widely spoken. - **Greek**: Australia has one of the largest Greek-speaking communities outside of Greece. - **Vietnamese**: Reflecting the large Vietnamese community, especially in cities like Melbourne and Sydney. - **Hindi**: Increasingly spoken due to recent immigration from India. 4. **Sign Language**: - **Auslan (Australian Sign Language)**: Used by the Australian Deaf community, Auslan has its own grammar and vocabulary distinct from English. Australia's linguistic landscape is a reflection of its multicultural society, with ongoing efforts to preserve Indigenous languages and accommodate the linguistic needs of its diverse population.

Australia's culture is a rich tapestry woven from its Indigenous heritage, colonial history, and multicultural influences. This unique blend has foste

Austrian

In Austria, the primary language spoken is German, specifically Austrian German, which is a variety of Standard German with its own unique vocabulary, pronunciation, and some grammatical differences. Austrian German is used in official settings, education, media, and daily communication. Apart from Standard Austrian German, there are several regional dialects spoken throughout the country. These dialects belong to the Bavarian-Austrian dialect group, which is part of the larger Upper German dialect family. The main dialects include: 1. **Austro-Bavarian (Bairisch):** This is the most widespread dialect group in Austria, spoken in the majority of the country except for the westernmost region. It has several sub-dialects, including: - **Central Bavarian:** Spoken in Upper Austria, Lower Austria, and Vienna. The Viennese dialect is particularly distinctive and has a unique charm and vocabulary. - **Southern Bavarian:** Found in Tyrol and Carinthia, this dialect has influences from neighboring Italy and Slovenia. - **Northern Bavarian:** Although primarily spoken in Bavaria, Germany, it also influences some areas in Austria. 2. **Alemannic Dialects:** These are spoken in the westernmost state of Vorarlberg and parts of Tyrol. The Alemannic dialects are more closely related to Swiss German and Swabian dialects than to Bavarian. In addition to German and its dialects, several minority languages are spoken in Austria due to its historical and geographical context: - **Slovene:** Recognized as a minority language in Carinthia and Styria, where there is a Slovene-speaking community. The Carinthian Slovenes have their own cultural institutions and schools. - **Hungarian:** Spoken by the Hungarian minority, primarily in the Burgenland region, where it is recognized as a minority language. - **Croatian:** Also spoken in Burgenland, where the Burgenland Croats have maintained their language and cultural traditions. - **Czech and Slovak:** These languages are spoken by smaller communities, particularly in Vienna, which has historically been a multicultural city. Additionally, due to immigration and Austria's role in the European Union, other languages such as Turkish, Bosnian, Serbian, and English are also commonly spoken in urban areas and among immigrant communities. English is widely taught in schools and is commonly used in business and tourism.

Austria, a landlocked country in Central Europe, is renowned for its rich cultural tapestry woven from centuries of history, diverse influences, and a

Azerbaijan

Azerbaijani, Russian, Lezgian +1

Azerbaijan is known for its diverse cultural heritage, which includes a mix of Eastern and Western influences. It is a country where ancient tradition

Bahamas

English, Bahamian Creole

Bahamas culture is a blend of African, European, and indigenous influences, characterized by its music, dance, and festivals. The islands are known fo

Balanta

Balanta, Portuguese, French +1

The Balanta people are an ethnic group native to West Africa, primarily residing in Guinea-Bissau. They are recognized for their agricultural expertis

Balinese

Balinese, Indonesian, English

Balinese culture is a unique blend of Hindu traditions, local beliefs, and artistic expression, creating a vibrant society that values community, spir

Balkars

Balkar, Russian

Balkars are known for their unique cultural identity, which includes traditional music, dance, and a strong emphasis on community and family. They hav

Balochs

Balochi, Brahui, Persian +2

Balochs are a nomadic and tribal people with a history of resilience and cultural richness. Their society is deeply rooted in traditions and honor, wi

Bamum

Bamum, French, English

The Bamum people are renowned for their cultural contributions, including the development of a writing system by Sultan Ibrahim Njoya in the late 19th

Banda

Banda, Sango, French

The Banda people are known for their rich cultural traditions, including music, dance, and craftsmanship. They have a predominantly agrarian lifestyle

Bandanese

Banda Malay, Indonesian

The Bandanese people have a rich cultural heritage shaped by their island environment and historical trade connections. Their culture is marked by tra

Bangladeshi

In Bangladesh, the primary language spoken is Bengali (Bangla), which is the official language of the country. Bengali is an Indo-Aryan language and is spoken by the vast majority of the population, approximately 98%. It is the seventh most spoken language in the world, with over 230 million speakers globally, including those in the Indian state of West Bengal and the diaspora. Bengali itself has several dialects that vary regionally within Bangladesh. Some of the notable dialects include: 1. **Dhakaiya Kutti**: Spoken in the Old Dhaka area, this dialect has a distinct vocabulary and pronunciation that sets it apart from Standard Bengali. 2. **Chittagonian (Chattgaiya)**: Predominantly spoken in the Chittagong Division, this dialect is significantly different from Standard Bengali, to the extent that it is sometimes considered a separate language. 3. **Sylheti**: Spoken in the Sylhet Division, Sylheti has a unique phonetic and lexical structure. It is often considered a separate language by its speakers, and it has a significant diaspora in the United Kingdom, particularly in London. 4. **Noakhali**: This dialect is spoken in the Noakhali region and has distinct phonetic characteristics. 5. **Rangpuri**: Also known as Rajbangshi, this dialect is spoken in the Rangpur Division and parts of northern Bangladesh. In addition to Bengali and its dialects, several other languages are spoken by ethnic minority communities in Bangladesh. These include: - **Chakma**: Spoken by the Chakma people in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Chakma is an Indo-Aryan language with its own script. - **Marma**: Another language of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, spoken by the Marma people, who are of Burmese origin. - **Tripuri**: Spoken by the Tripuri people, primarily in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. - **Santali**: A Munda language spoken by the Santal people, one of the largest indigenous communities in Bangladesh. - **Rohingya**: Spoken by the Rohingya people, primarily in the Cox's Bazar district, this language is closely related to Chittagonian. - **Bihari**: A group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken by the Bihari community, who are Urdu-speaking Muslims originally from Bihar

Bangladesh, a vibrant country in South Asia, is known for its rich cultural tapestry woven from a history of diverse influences and a resilient spirit

Bangweulu Twa

Bemba, Twa

The Bangweulu Twa have a rich cultural heritage that includes unique practices, languages, and social structures. They maintain a sustainable lifestyl

Baniwa

Baniwa, Portuguese, Spanish

The Baniwa people have a deep connection to their environment and maintain a lifestyle that is heavily influenced by traditional customs and beliefs.

Banjara

Lambadi, Hindi, Telugu +2

Banjara culture is characterized by its colorful attire, traditional music, and strong community bonds. Their history as traders and pastoralists has

Banjarese

Banjarese, Indonesian

Banjarese culture is characterized by its strong Islamic influence, traditional music and dance forms, and a communal way of life deeply integrated wi

Bari

Italian, Bari dialect

Bari is a port city on the Adriatic Sea, combining ancient history with modern development. It is renowned for its historic architecture, culinary her

Bariba

Bariba, French

The Bariba are a prominent ethnic group in Benin, known for their distinct language, vibrant cultural practices, and historical significance in the re

Batwa

Kinyarwanda, Kirundi, Swahili +1

The Batwa are one of the oldest indigenous communities in Africa, historically living as hunter-gatherers in the forests. Their culture is deeply tied

Bauzi

Bauzi

Bauzi culture is characterized by traditional knowledge systems, strong community bonds, and an adaptable lifestyle that is integrated with the natura

Bavarians

German, Bavarian dialects

Bavarians are recognized for their unique cultural traditions, strong regional identity, and contributions to German and European culture, particularl

Bazigar

Punjabi, Hindi, Urdu

The Bazigar community is recognized for its rich cultural heritage, particularly in the performing arts. Despite societal challenges, they maintain a

Beja

Bedawiyet, Arabic

The Beja people are a nomadic pastoralist group with a history that dates back thousands of years. They are recognized for their unique language, Beda

Belarus

Belarusian, Russian

Belarusian culture is characterized by its Slavic roots, with influences from neighboring countries. It is known for its folk traditions, music, and c

Belgian

Belgium is a linguistically diverse country with three official languages: Dutch, French, and German. The linguistic landscape is closely tied to the country's regional divisions and historical influences. 1. **Dutch**: - **Primary Region**: Dutch is the official language of the Flemish Region (Flanders) in the north of Belgium. It is also one of the official languages of the Brussels-Capital Region. - **Dialects**: In Flanders, several dialects are spoken, which are collectively referred to as Flemish. These include West Flemish, East Flemish, Brabantian, and Limburgish. Each of these dialects has distinct phonetic and lexical characteristics. For example, West Flemish is known for its unique vowel sounds and vocabulary that differs significantly from Standard Dutch. 2. **French**: - **Primary Region**: French is the official language of the Walloon Region in the south of Belgium. It is also one of the official languages of the Brussels-Capital Region, where it is predominantly spoken. - **Dialects**: In Wallonia, several regional dialects exist, such as Walloon, Picard, and Gaumais. Walloon, for instance, is a Romance language with several varieties, including Namurois, Liégeois, and Brabantian Walloon. However, these dialects are less commonly spoken today, with Standard French being more prevalent. 3. **German**: - **Primary Region**: German is the official language of the German-speaking Community of Belgium, located in the eastern part of the country, near the German border. This area is known as the East Cantons. - **Dialects**: The German-speaking community also uses regional dialects, such as Ripuarian and Moselle Franconian, which are influenced by neighboring German dialects. 4. **Brussels-Capital Region**: - Brussels is officially bilingual (French and Dutch), but French is the dominant language in daily life. The region's bilingual status is reflected in its public services, signage, and education system. 5. **Other Languages**: - Due to Belgium's multicultural population, other languages are also spoken, particularly in urban areas. English is widely understood and used in business and international contexts. Additionally, immigrant communities contribute languages such as Arabic, Turkish, Italian, and Spanish to the linguistic tapestry of Belgium. Belgium's complex linguistic situation is a

Belgium, a small yet culturally rich country in Western Europe, is known for its diverse and vibrant culture, shaped by its complex history and its po

Belize

English, Spanish, Kriol +2

Belize is a melting pot of cultures, including Mestizo, Creole, Maya, Garifuna, and others. This diversity is reflected in its languages, traditions,

Beninese

French, Fon, Yoruba +2

Beninese culture is characterized by its ethnic diversity, traditional music and dance, vibrant festivals, and a strong sense of community. The cultur

Berbers

Tamazight, Tachelhit, Kabyle +1

Berbers are one of the oldest known inhabitants of North Africa, with a unique language, culture, and traditions that have persisted despite historica

Berom

Berom, Hausa, English

The Berom are the largest ethnic group in Plateau State, Nigeria, deeply rooted in agricultural practices and known for their traditional festivals an

Bhutanese

Bhutan is a linguistically diverse country with a rich tapestry of languages and dialects. The primary language of Bhutan is Dzongkha, which is also the national language. It is a Sino-Tibetan language and is used in government, education, and media. Dzongkha is written in the Tibetan script and is spoken predominantly in the western part of the country. Beyond Dzongkha, Bhutan is home to a variety of other languages and dialects, reflecting its ethnic diversity. Some of the notable languages include: 1. **Sharchhopkha (Tsangla):** This is the most widely spoken language in eastern Bhutan. It is the mother tongue of the Sharchop people, who are the largest ethnic group in the country. Sharchhopkha is also a Sino-Tibetan language. 2. **Lhotshampa Languages:** The Lhotshampa community, primarily of Nepali origin, speaks several Indo-Aryan languages. The most common among these is Nepali, which serves as a lingua franca among the Lhotshampa people. Other languages in this group include Tamang and Gurung. 3. **Bumthangkha:** Spoken in the central region of Bhutan, particularly in the Bumthang Valley, Bumthangkha is another Sino-Tibetan language. It has several dialects, including Khengkha and Kurtöpkha, spoken in the neighboring regions of Kheng and Kurtoe, respectively. 4. **Khengkha:** This language is spoken in the Kheng region of central Bhutan. It is closely related to Bumthangkha and shares many linguistic features with it. 5. **Kurtöpkha:** Spoken in the Kurtoe region of northeastern Bhutan, Kurtöpkha is another dialect of the Bumthang language group. 6. **Dzala:** This language is spoken in the eastern districts of Trashiyangtse and parts of Lhuntse. It is part of the East Bodish group of languages. 7. **Chocangacakha:** Also known as Tsamang, this language is spoken in the Mongar district. It is one of the lesser-known languages of Bhutan. 8. **Lhokpu:** Spoken by the Lhokpu people in southwestern Bhutan, this language is considered one of the oldest in the country and is distinct from the other languages spoken in Bhutan. 9. **Brokkat:** A language spoken by the Brok

Bhutan, a small Himalayan kingdom nestled between China and India, is renowned for its unique approach to development and its rich cultural heritage.

Bodo

Bodo, Assamese, Hindi +1

The Bodo community is an indigenous ethnic group primarily residing in the northeastern state of Assam in India. They play a significant role in the c

Boeroes

Dutch, Sranan Tongo

The Boeroes are a small community in Suriname known for their Dutch heritage and agricultural contributions.

Boers

Afrikaans, Dutch

Boers are known for their farming expertise, unique cultural practices, and significant influence on South African history. They played a pivotal role

Bokota

Bokota, Spanish

The Bokota people, also known as Buglere, have a rich cultural heritage characterized by traditional crafts, a communal social structure, and a strong

Bolivian

Bolivia is a linguistically diverse country with a rich tapestry of languages spoken across its regions. The country recognizes 37 official languages, reflecting its multicultural heritage. Here are some of the primary languages and dialects spoken in Bolivia: 1. **Spanish**: Spanish is the most widely spoken language in Bolivia and serves as the primary language for government, education, and media. It is the lingua franca that connects the diverse ethnic groups within the country. 2. **Quechua**: Quechua is one of the most significant indigenous languages in Bolivia, spoken by approximately 18% of the population. It is prevalent in the Andean regions, particularly in departments like Cochabamba, Potosí, and Chuquisaca. Quechua has several dialects, with Southern Quechua being the most common in Bolivia. 3. **Aymara**: Aymara is another major indigenous language, spoken by about 15% of Bolivians. It is primarily used in the Altiplano region, especially around Lake Titicaca and in the departments of La Paz and Oruro. The Aymara language has a rich oral tradition and is integral to the cultural identity of the Aymara people. 4. **Guaraní**: Guaraní is spoken in the southeastern lowlands, particularly in the department of Santa Cruz and the Chaco region. It is one of the official languages and is used by the Guaraní people, who have a strong cultural presence in these areas. 5. **Other Indigenous Languages**: Bolivia is home to numerous other indigenous languages, each with its own unique cultural significance. Some of these include: - **Chiquitano**: Spoken by the Chiquitano people in the eastern lowlands. - **Mojeño**: Used by the Mojeño people in the Beni department. - **Tacana**: Found in the northern Amazonian regions. - **Uru-Chipaya**: Spoken by the Uru and Chipaya people in the Oruro department. 6. **Foreign Languages**: Due to historical immigration and international relations, other languages such as Portuguese, German, and English are also present in Bolivia. Portuguese is spoken near the Brazilian border, while German is used in some Mennonite communities in the eastern lowlands. English is increasingly taught as a second language in urban areas and is used in business and tourism. The linguistic diversity in

Bolivia is a country rich in cultural diversity and history, characterized by a vibrant tapestry of indigenous traditions, colonial influences, and mo

Bondei

Bondei, Swahili

The Bondei people are an indigenous group in Tanzania with a distinct language and cultural practices that emphasize community, spirituality, and resp

Bororo

Bororo, Portuguese

The Bororo people are indigenous to Brazil, with a significant presence in the state of Mato Grosso. They are recognized for their complex social stru

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a culturally rich nation with a diverse ethnic composition, predominantly Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs. The country has a his

Botswanan

Setswana, English, Kalanga +1

Botswana is celebrated for its peaceful political history, economic growth largely driven by diamond mining, and commitment to wildlife conservation.

Brazilian

In Brazil, the primary language spoken is Portuguese, which is the official language of the country. Brazilian Portuguese has its own distinct characteristics and variations compared to the European Portuguese spoken in Portugal. These differences are evident in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. For example, the Brazilian Portuguese word for "bus" is "ônibus," while in Portugal, it is "autocarro." Within Brazilian Portuguese, there are several regional dialects that reflect the country's vast geographical and cultural diversity. Some of the notable dialects include: 1. **Carioca**: Spoken in Rio de Janeiro, this dialect is known for its melodic intonation and the pronunciation of the "s" at the end of syllables as a "sh" sound. 2. **Paulistano**: Found in São Paulo, this dialect is characterized by a more open pronunciation of vowels and a faster speech rhythm. 3. **Nordestino**: Common in the Northeast region, this dialect features a distinctive nasalization of vowels and unique vocabulary influenced by indigenous and African languages. 4. **Gaúcho**: Spoken in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, this dialect has influences from Spanish due to the proximity to Uruguay and Argentina. 5. **Mineiro**: Found in Minas Gerais, this dialect is known for its soft pronunciation and the use of diminutives. In addition to Portuguese, Brazil is home to a rich tapestry of indigenous languages. There are over 150 indigenous languages spoken across the country, though many are endangered. Some of the more widely spoken indigenous languages include: - **Tupi-Guarani**: A language family with several dialects spoken by indigenous groups in the Amazon and other regions. - **Ticuna**: Spoken by the Ticuna people in the Amazon region. - **Kaingang**: Used by the Kaingang people in the southern states. Brazil also has communities where other languages are spoken due to immigration. For example: - **German**: There are German-speaking communities, particularly in the southern states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, where dialects such as Hunsrückisch are spoken. - **Italian**: Italian dialects are spoken in regions with significant Italian immigrant populations, such as in the state of São Paulo and parts of the South. - **Japanese**: São Paulo has a large Japanese community, and Japanese is spoken among some families and in cultural institutions. Additionally, languages like Spanish, English, and French

Brazilian culture is a vibrant tapestry woven from a rich historical background, diverse social structures, and a unique blend of beliefs and lifestyl

British

English, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic +1

British culture encompasses a wide range of practices and beliefs, shaped by its history, geography, and diverse population. It is known for its contr

Brunei

Malay, English

Brunei is a sultanate with a rich cultural heritage influenced by Malay, Islamic, and indigenous traditions. It is characterized by its commitment to

Bulgarian

The primary language spoken in Bulgaria is Bulgarian, which is a South Slavic language and serves as the official language of the country. Bulgarian is written in the Cyrillic script and is notable for being one of the first Slavic languages to adopt this alphabet. It has a rich literary tradition dating back to the 9th century with the establishment of the Preslav and Ohrid Literary Schools. Bulgarian has several dialects that can be broadly categorized into two main groups: Eastern Bulgarian and Western Bulgarian dialects. The Eastern dialects include the Balkan dialects, which are spoken in the central and eastern parts of the country, including the capital, Sofia. The Western dialects are spoken in the western regions and include the Shopi dialect, known for its distinct phonetic features. In addition to Bulgarian, several minority languages are spoken within Bulgaria due to its diverse ethnic composition. Turkish is the most widely spoken minority language, primarily by the Turkish ethnic community, which constitutes about 9% of the population. The Turkish language is particularly prevalent in regions like Kardzhali and Razgrad. Romani is another significant minority language spoken by the Roma community in Bulgaria. The Romani language in Bulgaria has several dialects, including Balkan Romani and Vlax Romani. Macedonian is spoken by some in the southwestern regions of Bulgaria, although it is often considered a dialect of Bulgarian by Bulgarian linguists. However, it is recognized as a separate language in North Macedonia. Russian is also understood and spoken to some extent, particularly among the older generations, due to historical ties with the Soviet Union. English has become increasingly popular, especially among the younger population and in urban areas, due to globalization and its inclusion in the education system. Other minority languages include Armenian, Greek, and Romanian, spoken by their respective ethnic communities. These languages reflect the multicultural tapestry of Bulgaria and its historical interactions with neighboring regions.

Bulgaria, a country nestled in the Balkans, boasts a rich tapestry of history, culture, and traditions that reflect its unique position at the crossro

Burkinabe

French, Mooré, Dioula +2

Burkina Faso's cultural heritage is influenced by its ethnic diversity, with over 60 ethnic groups including the Mossi, Fulani, and Bobo, each contrib

Burmese

Burmese

Burmese culture is deeply rooted in Theravada Buddhism, which influences its festivals, daily life, and social norms. The culture is known for its tra

Burundian

Kirundi, French, English +1

Burundian culture is characterized by a blend of traditional practices and modern influences, with a strong emphasis on community, family, and resilie

Buryats

Buryat, Russian, Mongolian

The Buryats are known for their unique cultural practices, which include traditional music, shamanistic rituals, and a strong emphasis on community an

Butonese

Cia-Cia, Indonesian

The Butonese culture is characterized by its strong traditions in weaving, fishing, and maritime activities, along with a unique language and vibrant

Bwa

Bwa, French, Dioula

The Bwa are known for their distinct masks, agricultural lifestyle, and community-centered social structure. Their culture is deeply intertwined with

Bwatiye

Bwatiye, Hausa, English

The Bwatiye culture is characterized by its strong community ties, traditional religious practices, and a deep respect for nature. Their society is or

Cabiyari

Cabiyari, Spanish

The Cabiyari are a small Indigenous group in Colombia, recognized for their unique linguistic heritage and traditional practices that are closely tied

Caddo

Caddo, English

The Caddo are a Native American group with deep cultural roots in the southeastern United States, noted for their intricate social systems, traditiona

Cahuilla

Cahuilla, English

The Cahuilla people have lived in the arid regions of Southern California for thousands of years. They maintain a deep connection to their ancestral l

Caldoche

French

The Caldoche people are primarily of European descent, having settled in New Caledonia during various waves of French colonization. They maintain a un

Cambodian

Khmer

Cambodian culture is characterized by its rich history, traditional arts, and the significant influence of Theravada Buddhism. The culture is known fo

Cameroonian

French, English, Fang +6

Cameroon is a culturally diverse country characterized by a variety of ethnic groups, languages, and traditions. It is recognized for its vibrant arts

Camminanti

Italian, Sicilian dialects

The Camminanti are an itinerant community in Sicily with a rich cultural heritage, distinct social norms, and a history of resilience. They are known

Canadian

Canada is a linguistically diverse country with two official languages: English and French. These languages reflect the country's colonial history and are spoken widely across different regions. 1. **English**: English is the most widely spoken language in Canada, with approximately 56% of the population using it as their first language. It is the dominant language in most provinces and territories, except for Quebec and parts of New Brunswick. 2. **French**: French is the second official language, spoken by about 21% of Canadians as their first language. It is the predominant language in Quebec, where approximately 80% of the population speaks French as their first language. French is also spoken in parts of New Brunswick, which is the only officially bilingual province, and in certain communities in Ontario and Manitoba. 3. **Quebec French**: Within Quebec, the French spoken is known as Quebec French, which has distinct pronunciation, vocabulary, and expressions compared to the French spoken in France. For example, the word "char" is used in Quebec to mean "car," whereas in France, the word "voiture" is used. 4. **Acadian French**: In the Maritime provinces, particularly in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island, Acadian French is spoken. This dialect has unique features and vocabulary, influenced by the region's history and isolation from other French-speaking areas. 5. **Indigenous Languages**: Canada is home to over 70 Indigenous languages, grouped into 12 distinct language families. Some of the most spoken Indigenous languages include Cree, Inuktitut, and Ojibwe. Inuktitut is widely spoken in Nunavut and parts of the Northwest Territories. 6. **Cree**: Cree is one of the most widely spoken Indigenous languages in Canada, with several dialects such as Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and Swampy Cree, spoken across regions in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and the Northwest Territories. 7. **Inuktitut**: Inuktitut is primarily spoken by the Inuit population in Nunavut and the northern parts of Quebec and Labrador. It is one of the official languages of Nunavut and is used in government, education, and media within the territory. 8. **Ojibwe**: Ojibwe is spoken in parts of Ontario, Manitoba, and the northern United States. It has several dialects, including Severn Ojibwe and Southwestern Ojibwe. 9. **Immigrant Languages**: Due

Canada is a vast and diverse country with a rich tapestry of cultures, shaped by its history, geography, and the multitude of peoples who call it home

Central African Republic

Sango, French, Banda +4

The Central African Republic is a culturally rich nation with a diverse population that includes various ethnic groups, each with unique traditions an

Chadian

French, Arabic, Sara +4

Chadian culture is a complex tapestry woven from numerous ethnic groups, languages, and traditions. Rich in history, Chad's society has been shaped by

Cherokee

Cherokee

Indigenous people of the Southeastern United States, known for their syllabary writing system and cultural resilience.

Chilean

Spanish, Mapudungun, Aymara

Chilean culture is a blend of indigenous Mapuche traditions and Spanish colonial influences, enriched by waves of European and Middle Eastern immigrat

Chinese

Mandarin, Cantonese, Shanghainese +2

Chinese culture encompasses a wide range of practices, beliefs, and traditions that have evolved over millennia. It is characterized by its emphasis o

Chinese American

Mandarin, Cantonese, English

Chinese_American is a cultural group from United States who primarily speak Mandarin.

Circassians

Adyghe, Kabardian, Russian +2

Circassians have a vibrant cultural identity rooted in their ancestral homeland in the North Caucasus, with a significant diaspora due to historical c

Cirebonese

Cirebonese, Indonesian

Cirebonese culture is characterized by its rich history as a trading hub, which has led to a diverse cultural tapestry. The culture is known for its d

Colombian

Colombia is a linguistically diverse country, with Spanish being the official and most widely spoken language. However, the linguistic landscape of Colombia is enriched by a variety of indigenous languages, Creole languages, and dialects. 1. **Spanish**: Spanish is the primary language spoken by the majority of Colombians. Colombian Spanish has several regional dialects, each with distinct phonetic and lexical characteristics. For example: - **Rolo**: Spoken in Bogotá and the surrounding Andean region, characterized by a clear pronunciation and a slower pace. - **Paisa**: Found in the Antioquia region, known for its sing-song intonation and the use of "vos" instead of "tú" for informal address. - **Costeño**: Spoken along the Caribbean coast, noted for its rapid speech and the dropping of final consonants. 2. **Indigenous Languages**: Colombia is home to over 65 indigenous languages, reflecting its rich cultural heritage. Some of the most widely spoken indigenous languages include: - **Wayuu**: Spoken by the Wayuu people in the La Guajira Peninsula, it is one of the most prominent indigenous languages with tens of thousands of speakers. - **Nasa Yuwe**: Used by the Nasa people in the Cauca region. - **Embera**: Spoken by the Embera people in the Chocó region and parts of Antioquia. 3. **Creole Languages**: - **Palenquero**: A Spanish-based Creole language spoken in San Basilio de Palenque, a village with a unique cultural heritage as one of the first free African towns in the Americas. - **San Andrés-Providencia Creole**: An English-based Creole spoken in the San Andrés and Providencia archipelago, influenced by English, Spanish, and African languages. 4. **Other Languages**: - **English**: While not widely spoken across the country, English is an official language in the San Andrés and Providencia islands due to historical British influence. - **Romani**: Spoken by the Romani community, though it is not widespread. Colombia's linguistic diversity is a testament to its multicultural society, with efforts ongoing to preserve and promote indigenous languages through educational and cultural initiatives.

Colombian culture is a vibrant tapestry woven from a rich historical background, diverse social structures, distinctive beliefs, and a unique way of l

Congolese (DRC)

Congolese(DRC)

Diverse culture of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with rich musical traditions and over 200 ethnic groups.

Congolese Republic Of The Congo

French, Lingala, Kikongo +1

The Republic of the Congo is a culturally rich nation with a blend of traditional African customs and colonial influences. Its diverse ethnic groups c

Copts

Arabic, Coptic

Copts are Egyptian Christians whose traditions trace back to Saint Mark the Evangelist. They maintain a unique cultural identity with distinct religio

Cornish

Cornish, English

Cornish culture is deeply rooted in its Celtic heritage, characterized by its language, music, and folklore. The culture has a strong sense of identit

Corsicans

Corsican, French

Corsica, known for its rich history and unique cultural identity, blends French and Italian influences. The Corsican people are proud of their heritag

Cossacks

Russian, Ukrainian, Polish

The Cossacks are traditionally associated with regions in modern-day Ukraine and Russia, particularly the areas surrounding the Don, Dnieper, and Ural

Costa Rica

Spanish

Costa Rica, with its capital in San José, is renowned for its peaceful political history, having abolished its army in 1949. The country is a leader i

Coushatta

Koasati, English

The Coushatta Tribe maintains a distinct cultural identity through language, traditions, and governance. They are recognized for their community stren

Cree

Cree, English, French

The Cree are known for their diverse cultural practices, languages, and rich history. They have adapted to various regional environments across Canada

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian culture is characterized by its unique blend of Slavic, Mediterranean, and Central European influences. It is known for its vibrant tradition

Cuban

The primary language spoken in Cuba is Spanish, which is used in all aspects of daily life, including government, education, media, and business. Cuban Spanish is characterized by its unique accent and vocabulary, influenced by the island's history and cultural interactions. ### Cuban Spanish: - **Accent and Pronunciation**: Cuban Spanish features a distinct accent where the "s" at the end of syllables is often aspirated or dropped, a phenomenon known as "seseo." For example, "más" might be pronounced as "mah." - **Vocabulary**: Cuban Spanish includes many words and expressions unique to the island, such as "guagua" for bus and "asere" as a colloquial term for friend. - **Influences**: The language has been influenced by African languages due to the transatlantic slave trade, as well as by indigenous Taíno words, such as "hurricane" (huracán) and "canoe" (canoa). ### Dialects and Variations: While there are no distinct dialects of Spanish in Cuba that differ significantly from the standard Cuban Spanish, there are regional variations in accent and vocabulary. For example, the eastern part of the island, particularly around Santiago de Cuba, has a slightly different accent compared to Havana. ### Other Languages: - **Haitian Creole**: Due to the migration of Haitian workers to Cuba, particularly in the eastern provinces, Haitian Creole is spoken within Haitian communities. This language is used in cultural and social contexts among Haitian descendants. - **Lucumí**: Also known as the Yoruba language, Lucumí is used in Santería religious practices. It is a liturgical language derived from the Yoruba people of Nigeria and is used in chants, prayers, and rituals. - **English**: English is taught in schools as a foreign language and is spoken by some Cubans, especially those working in the tourism industry or who have lived abroad. ### Indigenous Languages: Before the arrival of the Spanish, the Taíno people spoke an Arawakan language. However, this language is no longer spoken in Cuba today, though some Taíno words have been integrated into Cuban Spanish. Overall, while Spanish is the dominant language in Cuba, the linguistic landscape is enriched by the presence of other languages and influences, reflecting the island's diverse cultural heritage.

Cuban culture is a vibrant tapestry woven from a rich historical background, diverse social structures, and distinctive beliefs. It is a culture that

Cypriot

Greek, Turkish, English

Cypriot culture is characterized by its unique blend of traditions and influences from various civilizations that have settled on the island, includin

Czech

Czech

Czech culture is characterized by its historical roots in the Bohemian and Moravian regions, with influences from neighboring countries. It is known f

Danish

Danish

Danish culture is rooted in a rich history that blends Viking heritage with modern Scandinavian influences. It is known for its emphasis on social wel

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

N/A

Democratic Republic of the Congo

N/A

Djibouti

French, Arabic, Afar +1

Djibouti is a culturally rich nation with a blend of African and Arab influences, reflecting its historical role as a trading hub. The country's multi

Dogon

Dogon languages, French

The Dogon people are renowned for their cultural traditions, including their religious beliefs, art, and architecture. They have a deep connection to

Dogras

Dogri, Hindi, Punjabi +1

The Dogras are predominantly found in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and in regions of Pakistan. They are known for their distinct language, cu

Dolan

Uyghur, Chinese

The Dolan people are a distinctive ethnic group with a vibrant cultural identity, deeply rooted in the Turkic traditions of Central Asia. Despite bein

Dominican Republic

Spanish

The Dominican Republic is a nation steeped in history, with a diverse cultural makeup influenced by Taino, African, and Spanish heritages. It is famou

Dutch

Dutch

Dutch culture is rooted in a history of maritime trade, innovation, and a liberal social structure. It is known for its contributions to art, philosop

East Indian Catholics

Marathi, East Indian Marathi dialect, English

East Indian Catholics are an ethnoreligious community with a unique blend of Indian and Portuguese cultural influences, characterized by their distinc

Ebira

Ebira, English

Ebira culture is characterized by a strong sense of community, traditional music and dance, and a deep connection to their ancestral lands. Despite mo

Ecuadorian

Spanish, Quechua, Shuar

Ecuadorian culture is characterized by its diverse heritage, vibrant festivals, and a strong connection to nature, with a significant emphasis on fami

Edo

Edo, English

Edo culture is deeply rooted in its historical kingdom, known for its artistic achievements and sophisticated political structure. The culture emphasi

Efik

Efik, English

The Efik culture is characterized by its strong community ties, vibrant traditions, and historical significance as a trading hub in West Africa. They

Egyptian

Arabic, English, French

Egyptian culture is deeply rooted in its ancient civilization, known for its monumental architecture, art, and contributions to science and literature

Ekari

Ekagi, Indonesian

The Ekari people are one of the largest indigenous groups in Papua, Indonesia, with a vibrant culture that emphasizes agriculture, communal living, an

Ekoi

Ejagham, English, French

The Ekoi are a significant ethnic group in West Africa, particularly in Nigeria and Cameroon. They are renowned for their artistic expressions and dee

El Salvador

Spanish

El Salvador's culture is a blend of indigenous and Spanish influences, characterized by its strong family ties, religious traditions, and a vibrant ar

Emae

Nakanamanga, Bislama, English

Emae is a culturally rich island in Vanuatu, celebrated for its traditional practices, community-oriented lifestyle, and stunning natural landscapes.

Emirati

Arabic, English

Emirati culture is characterized by its blend of traditional Bedouin customs and modern influences, shaped by rapid development and globalization. It

Equatorial Guinea

Spanish, French, Portuguese +4

Equatorial Guinea is a culturally diverse nation in Central Africa, known for its Spanish colonial heritage and rich natural resources, particularly o

Eritrean

Tigrinya, Tigre, Afar +6

Eritrean culture is characterized by a blend of indigenous traditions and influences from African, Middle Eastern, and Mediterranean cultures. It is k

Estonia

Estonian

Estonia, located in the Baltic region, is renowned for its medieval architecture, vibrant traditions, and advanced digital society. The culture is a b

Ethiopian

Amharic, Oromo, Tigrinya +2

Ethiopian culture is characterized by its deep historical roots, diverse ethnic groups, and a strong sense of community and tradition. It is known for

Falkland Islands

English

The Falkland Islands are a remote and sparsely populated territory with a unique blend of British and South American influences. The culture is marked

Fijian

Fijian, Hindi, English

Fijian culture is characterized by its communal lifestyle, traditional ceremonies, and a strong connection to the land and sea. It is a blend of indig

Filipino

Filipino, English, Cebuano +2

Filipino culture is a tapestry of diverse influences, shaped by centuries of colonization and trade. It is known for its warmth, resilience, and adapt

Finnish

Finnish, Swedish

Finnish culture is shaped by its geographical location, history, and the Finnish language. It is known for its emphasis on equality, education, and en

French

French

French culture is characterized by its emphasis on art, philosophy, and cuisine. It has a significant impact on global culture, with Paris often consi

French Southern and Antarctic Lands

French

The French Southern and Antarctic Lands are largely uninhabited regions that serve primarily as sites for scientific research. They have no permanent

Gabonese

French, Fang, Myene +3

Gabonese culture is a blend of traditional practices from various ethnic groups and modern influences. It is characterized by strong family ties, expr

Gambian

English, Mandinka, Wolof +2

Gambian culture is a rich tapestry of ethnic diversity, traditional practices, and modern influences. The country is known for its warm hospitality, v

Gbaya

Gbaya, French, Sango

The Gbaya people have a vibrant culture characterized by strong communal ties, traditional music, and oral storytelling. They have historically been a

Gedeo

Gedeo, Amharic

The Gedeo culture is characterized by its unique agroforestry system, which integrates coffee cultivation with other crops and trees, promoting biodiv

Gelao

Gelao, Mandarin

The Gelao people are one of China's recognized ethnic minorities, with a population concentrated in Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces. They have

Georgian

Georgian

Georgian culture is characterized by its diverse influences from Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, underpinned by a strong sense of national identity

German

German

German culture is a blend of traditional customs and modern influences, deeply rooted in historical events and characterized by a strong sense of comm

German Speaking Swiss

Swiss German, Standard German, French +2

German-speaking Swiss are known for their multicultural integration, economic prowess, and contributions to various fields such as science, art, and t

Ghanaian

Akan, Ewe, Ga +3

Ghanaian culture is a vibrant tapestry of traditions, languages, and customs, influenced by its ethnic diversity and historical experiences.

Ghomaras

Arabic, Berber

The Ghomaras are a Berber ethnic group located in northern Morocco, known for their unique blend of Berber and Arab cultural influences.

Ghorbati

Persian, Ghorbati dialect

The Ghorbati people are a nomadic ethnic group primarily found in Iran and parts of Central Asia. They are known for their unique cultural practices,

Greek

Greek

Greek culture is renowned for its contributions to philosophy, democracy, and the arts. It has a profound historical legacy that continues to influenc

Greenlandic

Greenlandic (Kalaallisut), Danish

The Greenlandic culture is characterized by its strong connection to nature, traditional Inuit practices, and the blending of modern influences with a

Guatemala

Spanish, K'iche', Q'eqchi' +2

Guatemala is a culturally rich nation with a history deeply rooted in Mayan civilization. It is known for its colorful textiles, traditional music, an

Guinea Bissauan

Portuguese, Crioulo, Balanta +2

Guinea-Bissau, a West African nation, is characterized by its ethnic diversity, rich cultural heritage, and history of colonialism and conflict. The c

Guinean

French, Fula, Maninka +4

Guinea is a culturally diverse nation with a vibrant history and dynamic social traditions. It is an intersection of various ethnic groups, each contr

Gujarati

Gujarati, Hindi, English

Gujarati culture is characterized by its vibrant festivals, diverse cuisine, and a strong sense of community. It has a long history of trade and cultu

Gumuz

Gumuz

The Gumuz are an ethnic group primarily residing in the Benishangul-Gumuz region of Ethiopia, known for their distinct language and cultural practices

Guna

Guna, Spanish

The Guna, also known as Kuna, are an indigenous people with a vibrant culture and history. They are renowned for their autonomous governance, traditio

Gurage

Sebat Bet Gurage, Soddo, Kistane

The Gurage people are primarily found in the Gurage Zone, which is part of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Known

Gurungs

Gurung (Tamu Kyi), Nepali

The Gurungs are one of the ethnic groups in Nepal recognized for their unique culture and traditions. Predominantly found in the western and central r

Gurunsi

Gurunsi languages, Moore, French (in Burkina Faso) +1

The Gurunsi people are known for their rich cultural heritage, expressed through elaborate architecture, vibrant arts, and communal lifestyles. They a

Guyana

English, Guyanese Creole, Hindi +2

Guyana, located on the northern coast of South America, is a country with a vibrant cultural tapestry. Its population is a mix of ethnic groups, inclu

Gwich'in

Gwich'in, English

The Gwich'in people have a rich cultural heritage rooted in their traditional lands, with a strong emphasis on community, language, and environmental

Gwichin

Gwich'in, English

The Gwich'in are known for their deep connection to the land and reliance on the Porcupine caribou herd for subsistence. They have a rich oral traditi

Ha

Ha, Swahili

The Ha people are one of the numerous Bantu ethnic groups in Tanzania, primarily located in the western region near Lake Tanganyika. Their society is

Haitian

Haitian Creole, French

Haitian culture is deeply rooted in its history of resistance and resilience, with a strong emphasis on community, spirituality, and artistic expressi

Hangaza

Hangaza, Swahili

The Hangaza people are an ethnic group primarily residing in the Kagera Region of northwestern Tanzania. They are known for their rich cultural tradit

Hani

Hani, Mandarin

The Hani culture is characterized by its deep connection to agriculture, particularly rice farming, which has shaped their social structures, festival

Harari

Harari, Amharic, Oromo

Harari culture is characterized by its historical city, Harar, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its ancient walls, Islamic architecture

Haratins

Hassaniya Arabic, Berber dialects

The Haratins have a distinct cultural identity that is characterized by their historical roles as oasis farmers and their mixed African and Arab herit

Hausa

Hausa

The Hausa people are predominantly found in northern Nigeria and southern Niger, with a significant presence in other West African countries. They are

Hawaiian

Hawaiian, English

Hawaiian culture is characterized by its unique language, traditional practices, and a deep connection to the land and sea. It encompasses a wide rang

Hehe

Hehe, Swahili

The Hehe are an ethnic group primarily residing in the Iringa region of Tanzania, known for their rich cultural heritage and historical significance.

Heiltsuk

Heiltsuk-Oowekyala, English

The Heiltsuk Nation is located in the Great Bear Rainforest of British Columbia. They have a long history of living in harmony with their environment,

Helong

Helong

The Helong people are one of the indigenous groups on Timor island, predominantly found in the Kupang district of West Timor, Indonesia. They have a d

Herero

Otjiherero

The Herero are a Bantu ethnic group primarily residing in Namibia, with smaller communities in Botswana and Angola. They are known for their pastoral

Highland Travellers

Cant, English, Scottish Gaelic

Highland Travellers are known for their distinct cultural identity within Scotland, characterized by a nomadic lifestyle, unique language, and vibrant

Hindustani

Hindi, Urdu

Hindustani culture has evolved over centuries, influenced by various dynasties, religions, and social movements. It is characterized by its blending o

Hinukh

Hinukh, Avar, Russian

The Hinukh people are a small ethnic group in Dagestan, Russia, with a rich cultural heritage and a unique language. They live primarily in the Tsunti

Hmong

Hmong Daw (White Hmong), Hmong Njua (Green/Blue Hmong)

Hmong culture is characterized by strong family ties, vibrant textiles, traditional music, and shamanistic religious practices. They have a distinct s

Honduras

Spanish, Garifuna, Miskito +1

Honduras is a culturally diverse nation with influences from indigenous, African, and Spanish cultures. It is known for its music, dance, and traditio

Hungarian

Hungarian

Hungarian culture is characterized by a unique blend of Eastern and Western influences, with a strong emphasis on family, music, and culinary traditio

Iceland

Icelandic

Icelandic culture is deeply rooted in its Norse heritage, with a strong emphasis on literature, music, and the arts. The society values equality, sust

Ijaw

Ijaw, Nembe, Kalabari +1

The Ijaw culture is deeply intertwined with the waterways of the Niger Delta, influencing their livelihoods, traditions, and social structures. They a

Ili Turks

Turkic languages, Mandarin

Ili Turks have a rich cultural heritage that reflects their diverse historical influences and geographic location. They are part of a broader Turkic c

Ilocano

Ilocano, Filipino, English

The Ilocano people are the third largest ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines, primarily residing in the Ilocos Region in northwestern Luzon. They

Imraguen

Hassaniya Arabic, Wolof

The Imraguen are a Mauritanian ethnic group renowned for their unique fishing techniques, particularly their traditional use of dolphins to herd fish.

Indian

Hindi, English, Bengali +12

Indian culture is characterized by its diversity, with a multitude of languages, religions, and traditions coexisting across the country. It is known

Indonesian

Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia), Javanese, Sundanese +2

Indonesia is an archipelago with over 17,000 islands, home to hundreds of ethnic groups and languages. The culture is a blend of indigenous traditions

Inuit

Inuktitut, Greenlandic, Inupiat

The Inuit culture is deeply connected to the Arctic environment, with traditions centered around hunting, fishing, and community cooperation. Their la

Iranian

Persian (Farsi), Azerbaijani, Kurdish +3

Iranian culture is characterized by its deep historical roots, diverse ethnic groups, and a strong emphasis on family and community. It is known for i

Iranis

Gujarati, Urdu, English

The Iranis are a community that migrated from Persia (modern-day Iran) to the Indian subcontinent over several centuries. They are known for their con

Iranun

Iranun, Tausug, Malay +1

The Iranun people have a distinct cultural identity characterized by their maritime history, language, and social structures. Historically, they playe

Iraqi

Arabic, Kurdish, Turkmen +1

Iraqi culture is deeply rooted in its Mesopotamian heritage, with influences from Arab, Kurdish, Turkmen, and Assyrian communities. It is known for it

Iraqw

Iraqw, Swahili

The Iraqw people are an indigenous ethnic group in Tanzania, with a distinct language and cultural practices. They are primarily agriculturalists, kno

Irish

Irish Gaelic, English

Irish culture is characterized by its unique blend of Celtic traditions, Christian influences, and modern European elements. It is renowned for its st

Israeli

Hebrew, Arabic, English

Israeli culture is characterized by a rich tapestry of influences from Jewish, Arab, and Mediterranean traditions. It is a dynamic culture that embrac

Italian

Italian

Italy, a country in Southern Europe, is known for its profound impact on Western culture. It has a rich history dating back to the Roman Empire and th

Itawes

Itawes, Ilocano, Filipino

The Itawes are an indigenous group primarily residing in the Cagayan Valley region of the Philippines. They are known for their rich agricultural prac

Itelmens

Itelmen, Russian

The Itelmens have a unique cultural identity shaped by their environment, traditional practices, and historical experiences. They are known for their

Ivatans

Ivatan, Filipino, English

The Ivatans are a culturally rich community residing in the Batanes Islands, characterized by their distinct language, traditional stone houses, and d

Izhorians

Ingrian, Russian

The Izhorians, also known as Ingrians, are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Ingria region in northwestern Russia. They have a rich cultural heritag

Jadgals

Jadgali, Balochi, Urdu

The Jadgals have a rich cultural heritage characterized by their unique language, traditional crafts, and close-knit community structures. They primar

Jamaican

English, Jamaican Patois

Jamaican culture is characterized by its rich history, diverse influences, and a strong sense of identity. It is globally recognized for its contribut

Japanese

Japanese

Japanese culture is characterized by a harmonious blend of traditional customs and modern innovations. It emphasizes respect, community, and a deep ap

Jingpo

Jingpo, Chinese, Burmese

The Jingpo culture is characterized by its vibrant festivals, traditional music, and strong community ties. They have a unique language and cultural p

Jita

Jita, Swahili

The Jita people are an ethnic group primarily found in the Mara Region of Tanzania, known for their rich cultural traditions and agricultural lifestyl

Jola

Jola-Fonyi, Jola-Kasa, Jola-Karone +1

The Jola people, also known as Diola, are indigenous to the West African region, with a strong presence in the lush landscapes of the Casamance in Sen

Jordanian

Arabic

Jordanian culture is characterized by its Arab heritage, Bedouin traditions, and influences from the various civilizations that have passed through th

Jukun

Jukun, Hausa, English

The Jukun are predominantly found in the Taraba and Benue states of Nigeria. They have a complex social structure and are known for their traditional

Jur

Jur, Arabic, English

The Jur culture is characterized by its deep connection to the land and traditional practices. They have a strong sense of community and maintain a ri

Kablunangajuit

Kablunangajuit

This alias file exists to map name variations so tools find the enriched profile.

Kablunângajuit

Inuktitut, English, French

Kablunângajuit culture represents a fusion of indigenous Arctic traditions with influences from European settlers. It is characterized by a deep conne

Kabyle

Kabyle, Arabic, French

Kabyle culture is rich in tradition, language, and history. Known for their distinct language, music, and crafts, the Kabyles have maintained a strong

KadazanDusun

Kadazan, Dusun, Malay

KadazanDusun culture is a blend of traditional beliefs and modern influences, with a strong emphasis on community and family. The culture is character

Kadazan–Dusun

Kadazan–Dusun

Kadazan–Dusun is a cultural group who primarily speak Kadazan–Dusun. For the Kadazan–Dusun, a narrative of the culture's historical development,

Kafwe Twa

Kifwe, Swahili, French

The Kafwe Twa are integral to the cultural mosaic of Central Africa, with a rich tradition of oral storytelling, music, and dance. Their lifestyle and

Kaguru

Kaguru, Swahili

The Kaguru people are primarily located in the Morogoro Region of Tanzania. They are known for their agricultural practices, particularly the cultivat

Kalmyks

Kalmyk, Russian

Kalmyks have a unique cultural identity shaped by their Mongolic roots and Buddhist beliefs. They are the only Buddhist-majority region in Europe, wit

Kaluli

Bosavi, Kaluli

The Kaluli are an indigenous group residing in the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea, known for their rich oral traditions and harmoniou

Kamba

Kamba, Swahili, English

The Kamba people, also known as Akamba, primarily inhabit the Ukambani region of Kenya, which includes the counties of Machakos, Kitui, and Makueni. T

Kamentsa

Kamentsa, Spanish

The Kamentsa people have a deep connection to their ancestral lands in the Sibundoy Valley. Their culture is characterized by a strong sense of commun

Kanaks

French, Drehu, Paicî +1

Kanaks have a distinct cultural identity rooted in their Melanesian heritage, characterized by communal living, traditional customs, and a deep respec

Kazakhstan

Kazakh, Russian

Kazakhstan, the world's largest landlocked country, is a melting pot of cultures influenced by its nomadic past and Soviet history. It is characterize

Kenyan

Swahili, English, Kikuyu +2

Kenya's culture is characterized by its ethnic diversity, with over 40 distinct ethnic groups. This diversity is reflected in the country's languages,

Khakas

Khakas, Russian

The Khakas people have a unique cultural identity shaped by their history, language, and traditions. They are known for their traditional music, shama

Khalaj

Khalaj, Persian

The Khalaj people are an ethnic group with a rich history that dates back to the early medieval period. They are known for their distinct language and

Khanty

Khanty, Russian

The Khanty people inhabit the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug in Russia. They have a unique cultural identity, characterized by their language, traditio

Khas

Khas, Nepali

The Khas people, primarily residing in Nepal, have a distinct cultural identity shaped by their historical roots and geographical setting. They speak

Kirantis

Limbu, Rai, Yakkha

The Kirantis are a group of indigenous peoples in Nepal, known for their unique languages and cultural practices. They have a strong connection to nat

Kiribati

Gilbertese, English

Kiribati consists of 33 atolls and reef islands, spread over a vast area of the central Pacific Ocean. The culture is deeply rooted in the traditions

Kiriri

Kiriri, Portuguese

The Kiriri are an indigenous people primarily residing in the state of Bahia, Brazil. They have a rich cultural heritage and are known for their resil

Kissi

Kissi, French, English

The Kissi people are an ethnic group primarily found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. They are known for their rich cultural heritage, traditiona

Klallam

Klallam, English

The Klallam people, also known as the S'Klallam, are indigenous to the Pacific Northwest, particularly the Olympic Peninsula in Washington State. They

Koara

Koara, English

The Koara people, traditionally inhabiting the Goldfields region of Western Australia, have a culture deeply rooted in their ancestral lands. They are

Koches

Koch, Assamese, Bengali

The Koches are known for their rich cultural heritage and history dating back several centuries. They have a distinct language, traditional practices,

Kodava

Kodava Takk, Kannada

Kodava culture is characterized by its distinct language, Kodava Takk, and rich traditions, including unique festivals, traditional attire, and a stro

Kofyar

Kofyar, Hausa, English

The Kofyar people are a small ethnic group in Nigeria, recognized for their vibrant cultural practices and agricultural skills. They have a strong sen

Konkani

Konkani

The Konkani culture is primarily found along the western coast of India, particularly in the states of Goa, Karnataka, and Maharashtra. It is known fo

Konso

Konso, Amharic

The Konso people are renowned for their intricate terracing techniques and vibrant cultural heritage, which includes traditional wooden sculptures kno

Korean

Korean

Korean culture is deeply rooted in its historical traditions and Confucian values, while also embracing modernity and technological advancements. It i

Koryaks

Koryak, Russian

The Koryaks inhabit the Kamchatka Peninsula and parts of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. They are traditionally reindeer herders and fishermen, with a

Kosraeans

Kosraean, English

Kosraeans are the native people of Kosrae, one of the four states of the Federated States of Micronesia. They have a distinct cultural identity charac

Koyukon

Koyukon, English

The Koyukon are an Indigenous people of Alaska, known for their rich cultural traditions and deep connection to the land.

Kpelle

Kpelle, English

The Kpelle are an ethnic group primarily found in Liberia and Guinea, known for their rich cultural traditions and agricultural lifestyle.

Kposo

Kposo, Ewe, French

The Kposo culture is characterized by its vibrant traditions, including music, dance, and spiritual practices. They have a strong sense of community a

Kraho

Krahô, Portuguese

The Kraho are part of the Timbira group of the Jê peoples, residing predominantly in the Tocantins state of Brazil. They are known for their vibrant r

Kuria

Kuria, Swahili, English

The Kuria people are a Bantu ethnic group living mainly in the Mara Region of Tanzania and the Migori County in Kenya. They are known for their vibran

Kurukh

Kurukh, Sadri, Hindi

The Kurukh people, also known as Oraon, are an indigenous ethnic group with a unique cultural heritage. They have a strong oral tradition and are know

Kuteb

Kuteb, Jukun, Hausa

The Kuteb people inhabit the southern part of Taraba State, Nigeria, mainly in the Takum and Ussa Local Government Areas. They have a distinct cultura

Kuwait

Arabic

Kuwait is a nation with a rich cultural history influenced by its Bedouin roots and Islamic traditions. It has a vibrant arts scene and is known for i

Kuwarranyji

Kuwarranyji language

The Kuwarranyji are an indigenous group known for their rich cultural heritage and deep connection to the land.

Kvens

Kven, Norwegian

Kvens are recognized as a national minority in Norway, with a distinct cultural identity shaped by their Finnish roots and adaptation to Norwegian soc

Kwakwaka Wakw

kwakwaka_wakw

kwakwaka_wakw is a cultural group who primarily speak kwakwaka_wakw.

Kwakwakawakw

Kwak'wala

The Kwakwaka'wakw, also known as the Kwakiutl, are a group of Indigenous peoples in British Columbia, Canada. They are known for their complex social

Kwaya

Kwaya, Swahili

The Kwaya culture is characterized by a strong sense of community, traditional music, and agricultural practices. They are known for their vibrant dan

Kwere

Kwere, Swahili

The Kwere people primarily reside in the coastal regions of Tanzania, particularly in the Pwani Region. They have a distinct cultural identity charact

Kwinti

Kwinti, Sranan Tongo, Dutch

The Kwinti people are one of the Maroon groups in Suriname, descended from enslaved Africans who escaped plantations and formed independent communitie

Kyrgyz

Kyrgyz, Russian

Kyrgyz culture is characterized by its nomadic heritage, reflected in its traditional yurt dwellings, equestrian skills, and oral literature, includin

Laotian

Lao, French, English +2

Laotian culture is characterized by its strong Buddhist influence, traditional music and dance, and a communal lifestyle that emphasizes family and co

Larrakia

Larrakia, English

The Larrakia Nation is an Aboriginal Australian group whose traditional lands include the area around Darwin and the surrounding hinterland. They have

Latvians

Latvian

Latvians have a distinct cultural identity shaped by their historical experiences and geographical location in the Baltic region. They are known for p

Laz

Laz, Turkish, Georgian

The Laz culture is characterized by its unique language, traditional music, and vibrant dance forms. The Laz people have a strong sense of community a

Lebanese

Arabic, French, English

Lebanese culture is characterized by its diverse religious communities, rich culinary traditions, and a strong emphasis on family and social gathering

Lega

Kilega, Swahili

The Lega people, also known as Warega, are an ethnic group residing mainly in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. They are renow

Lesotho

Sesotho, English

Lesotho's culture is deeply rooted in its history and geography, with a strong emphasis on community, traditional music, and oral storytelling. The Ba

Liberian

English, Kpelle, Bassa +2

Liberia's culture has been shaped by its history as the first African republic founded by freed American and Caribbean slaves, as well as its indigeno

Libyan

Arabic, Berber (Tamazight), Italian +1

Libya, located in North Africa, has a diverse cultural heritage influenced by various civilizations, including the Berbers, Romans, and Arabs, each le

Lithuanian

Lithuanian

Lithuania is a Baltic nation with a unique cultural heritage influenced by both its historical roots and modern European trends. It is characterized b

Lurs

Luri, Persian

The Lurs have a rich cultural heritage characterized by their own language, customs, and social organization. They have traditionally been semi-nomadi

Luso-Africans

Portuguese, Creole languages, local African languages

The Luso-African culture emerged during the period of Portuguese expansion in Africa from the 15th century onwards. This culture represents a unique b

Luso-Indians

Konkani, Portuguese, English

The Luso-Indian community is a blend of Portuguese and Indian cultures, characterized by a unique fusion of traditions, languages, religious practices

Luxembourgers

Luxembourgish, French, German

Luxembourgers are characterized by a blend of French, German, and local traditions, resulting in a unique culture. The country is known for its high s

Maasai

Maa, Swahili, English

The Maasai are semi-nomadic people who have traditionally relied on cattle herding as their primary source of livelihood. They are renowned for their

Madagascar

Malagasy, French

Madagascar's culture is a vibrant tapestry woven from the influences of its diverse ethnic groups, including the Merina, Betsimisaraka, and Sakalava.

Malawi

Chichewa, English, Chiyao +1

Malawi's culture is a blend of traditional African customs and influences from colonial history. The country is known for its vibrant music, dance, an

Malaysian

Malay, Mandarin, Tamil +1

Malaysian culture is characterized by its multiculturalism, with influences from Malay, Chinese, Indian, and indigenous traditions. This diversity is

Malian

Bambara, French, Fula +2

Malian culture is characterized by its vibrant music scene, historical significance as part of the Mali Empire, and diverse ethnic traditions. It is a

Marshallese

Marshallese

Pacific Island culture with expert navigation traditions and unique stick chart navigational tools.

Mauritanian

Arabic, French, Pulaar +2

Mauritania's culture is a blend of Arab-Berber and African traditions, characterized by its unique music, poetry, and social structures. The Saharan l

Mexican

Spanish, Nahuatl, Maya +2

Mexican culture is characterized by its deep historical roots, blending indigenous traditions with Spanish colonial influences. It is renowned for its

Mexican American

Spanish, Nahuatl, Mayan +2

Mexican culture is a tapestry woven from its indigenous roots and Spanish colonial influences, resulting in a unique blend of traditions, languages, a

Moldova

Romanian, Russian, Gagauz

Moldova, a country nestled between Romania and Ukraine, is characterized by its rolling hills, vineyards, and a rich tapestry of cultural influences f

Mongolian

Mongolian

Mongolian culture is characterized by its nomadic lifestyle, shamanistic and Buddhist influences, and a strong connection to the land and nature. It i

Montenegrin

Montenegrin, Serbian, Bosnian +2

Montenegro, located in Southeastern Europe, has a vibrant culture that reflects a blend of Eastern and Western influences, with strong traditions in m

Moroccan

Arabic, Berber, French

Moroccan culture is characterized by its diverse influences, including Arab, Berber, and French elements. It is renowned for its unique blend of tradi

Motu

Motu, Hiri Motu

The Motu culture is characterized by its rich maritime traditions, including the famous Hiri trade voyages. They have a strong communal lifestyle with

Mozambique

Portuguese, Makhuwa, Tsonga +2

Mozambique's culture is a tapestry of indigenous, Portuguese, and Arab influences, reflected in its languages, music, and art. The country is home to

Mudburra

Mudburra

The Mudburra people are traditionally from the Northern Territory of Australia, with a deep connection to their land and cultural practices. They have

Mughals

Persian, Urdu, Hindi +1

The Mughal culture is renowned for its synthesis of Persian, Indian, and Islamic influences, which is evident in its art, architecture, and administra

Muhajir

Urdu, English

Muhajirs are a diverse group of Urdu-speaking Muslims who migrated from various regions of India to Pakistan during the partition. They have significa

Muiscas

Muysccubun, Spanish

The Muiscas were part of the Chibcha linguistic family and inhabited the central highlands of Colombia. They were known for their complex political sy

Mumuye

Mumuye, Hausa

The Mumuye people are recognized for their unique artistic contributions, particularly in sculpture, and their rich cultural traditions. They inhabit

Namibian

English, Oshiwambo, Afrikaans +5

Namibia is a multicultural nation with 13 recognized ethnic groups, including Ovambo, Kavango, Herero, Himba, and San, among others. Known for its dis

Nepalese

Nepali, Maithili, Bhojpuri +2

Nepalese culture is characterized by its diversity, with over 120 ethnic groups and 123 languages. It is deeply influenced by Hinduism and Buddhism, w

New Caledonian

French, Kanak languages, Bislama

New Caledonia blends indigenous Kanak culture with French colonial influences, making it a unique cultural melting pot in the Pacific region.

New Zealand

English, Māori, New Zealand Sign Language

New Zealand culture is shaped by its indigenous Māori heritage and the influences of European settlers. It is known for its vibrant arts scene, outdoo

Ni Vanuatu

Bislama, French, English +1

Ni-Vanuatu culture is characterized by a strong connection to the land and community, vibrant traditional ceremonies, and diverse linguistic heritage.

Nicaragua

Spanish, Miskito, Creole English

Nicaragua's culture is a blend of indigenous, Spanish, and African influences, reflected in its music, dance, and cuisine. The country is known for it

Nigerian

English, Hausa, Yoruba +2

Nigerian culture is characterized by its rich diversity, with over 250 ethnic groups contributing to a dynamic blend of languages, traditions, and cus

Nigerien

Nigerien

Culture of Niger (not to be confused with Nigeria), with diverse ethnic groups including Hausa and Tuareg peoples.

North Korea

NorthKorea

Culture of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, shaped by Juche ideology and traditional Korean heritage.

North Macedonian

Macedonian, Albanian, Turkish +1

North Macedonia is a culturally rich nation with a complex history dating back to ancient times, influenced by various civilizations, including Roman,

Norwegian

Norwegian, Sami

Norwegian culture is deeply rooted in its Viking heritage, maritime traditions, and a strong sense of community. It values equality, sustainability, a

Omani

Arabic, Baluchi, English +1

A harmonious blend of tradition and modernity, Omani culture is characterized by its emphasis on community, spirituality, and a respect for the natura

Ormurs

Ormuri

The Ormurs have a rich cultural heritage with distinct linguistic and traditional practices. They are known for their resilience and adaptability in t

Orochs

Oroch, Russian

The Orochs are a small indigenous group primarily residing in the Khabarovsk Krai region of Russia. They have a deep cultural heritage rooted in shama

Oroks

Orok, Russian

The Oroks, also known as Uilta, are a small indigenous group in Russia, known for their traditional reindeer herding and fishing practices. They speak

Oromo

Oromo, Amharic, English

The Oromo people have a distinct cultural identity characterized by their language, traditions, and social structures. They are primarily found in Eth

Oroqens

Oroqen, Mandarin

The Oroqens are a small ethnic group in China, traditionally known as hunters and gatherers. They have a deep connection with the forested regions the

Osage

Osage, English

The Osage are a Midwestern Native American tribe originally from the Ohio Valley but settled in the Great Plains region, notably in present-day Missou

Ossetians

Ossetian, Russian

Ossetians are an ethnic group native to the Caucasus, primarily inhabiting North Ossetia-Alania in Russia and South Ossetia. They speak the Ossetian l

Ot Danum

Ot Danum, Indonesian, Malay

The Ot Danum people are known for their rich cultural heritage, traditional longhouse living, and deep connection to the rainforest environment. They

Pakistani

Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi +2

Pakistani culture is characterized by its diverse ethnic groups, languages, and traditions. It is a blend of South Asian, Central Asian, and Middle Ea

Palestine

Arabic, Hebrew, English

Palestinian culture is characterized by its deep historical roots, vibrant traditions, and the resilience of its people. It encompasses a diverse rang

Panamanian

Spanish, English, Indigenous languages such as Ngäbere, Kuna, Emberá

Panama is a culturally diverse nation with influences from Indigenous, African, and European heritage. It is known for its vibrant music, traditional

Papua New Guinean

Tok Pisin, English, Hiri Motu +1

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is home to over 800 indigenous languages and numerous ethnic groups, making it one of the most culturally diverse countries in

Paraguayan

Spanish, Guarani

Paraguayan culture is deeply rooted in its indigenous Guarani heritage and Spanish colonial history. It is known for its unique music, dance, and craf

Peruvian

Spanish, Quechua, Aymara

Peruvian culture is characterized by a blend of ancient Andean traditions and Spanish colonial influences, resulting in a vibrant and diverse cultural

Polish

Polish

Polish culture is characterized by a strong sense of national identity, a rich tradition of literature and music, and a deep connection to the Roman C

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese culture is characterized by a blend of historical influences, including Roman, Moorish, and Christian elements, which have shaped its langu

Puerto Rico

Spanish, English

Puerto Rico's culture is a unique fusion of its historical roots and modern influences, reflecting a diverse heritage that includes Taíno, African, an

Qatar

Arabic, English

Qatar is a nation that blends traditional Islamic culture with modern influences. It is known for its significant oil and gas reserves, which have fue

Republic of Korea

Korean

South Korea is known for its rapid economic development, technological innovation, and rich cultural traditions. It has a unique blend of ancient cust

Romanian

Romanian

Romanian culture is characterized by its diverse influences from Latin, Slavic, Greek, and Ottoman cultures, resulting in a unique blend of traditions

Russian

Russian

Russian culture is characterized by its strong emphasis on family, community, and a rich tradition of literature, music, and art. It has been shaped b

Rwandan

Kinyarwanda, French, English +1

Rwandan culture is characterized by a strong sense of community, respect for elders, and a deep connection to the land. It is shaped by its history, i

S. Sudan

English, Arabic, Dinka +2

South Sudan's culture is characterized by its ethnic diversity, traditional music, dance, and vibrant oral traditions. The country is home to numerous

Sahrawis

Hassaniya Arabic, Spanish, French

The Sahrawis have a distinct cultural identity shaped by their nomadic lifestyle, historical experiences, and the harsh desert environment of the West

Saint Helenians

English

The culture of Saint Helena is a blend of traditions from Europe, Africa, and Asia, influenced by its colonial history and geographical isolation. Kno

Saint Thomas Christians

Malayalam, Syriac, English

Saint Thomas Christians are a unique Christian community in India with a rich blend of Indian and Christian traditions, known for their liturgical pra

Sakizaya

Sakizaya, Mandarin

The Sakizaya people are one of the indigenous groups in Taiwan, primarily residing in the Hualien County. They have a distinct cultural identity, lang

Salar

Salar, Mandarin Chinese

The Salar culture is characterized by its unique blend of Turkic, Tibetan, and Chinese influences. The Salar people are predominantly Muslim, and thei

Salinan

Salinan, English

The Salinan tribe inhabited the central coast of California, primarily in the Salinas Valley. They are known for their complex social structures, spir

Samoan

Samoan, English

Samoan culture is characterized by its communal lifestyle, strong family ties, and a deep respect for elders and traditions. It is known for its vibra

Saudi

Arabic

Saudi culture is a blend of traditional Bedouin customs and Islamic practices, with a strong emphasis on family, religion, and hospitality. It is infl

Scottish

English, Scottish Gaelic, Scots

Scottish culture is characterized by its unique traditions, including the celebration of Hogmanay, the Highland Games, and Burns Night. The culture is

Senegalese

Wolof, French, Pulaar +2

Senegalese culture is characterized by its rich traditions, music, dance, and art, influenced by various ethnic groups such as the Wolof, Serer, and F

Serbian

Serbian

Serbian culture is characterized by its diverse heritage, influenced by Byzantine, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires. It is known for its vibrant

Sierra Leonean

Krio, Mende, Temne +3

Sierra Leone is a culturally rich nation characterized by its ethnic diversity, historical significance, and resilient spirit. Despite past conflicts,

Singaporean

English, Mandarin, Malay +1

Singaporean culture is characterized by its multiculturalism, modernity, and a strong emphasis on harmony and community. The nation is known for its e

Slovakia

Slovak

Slovakia, a landlocked country in Central Europe, boasts a vibrant culture influenced by its history and geographical neighbors. It is renowned for it

Slovenia

Slovene

Slovenia, a small yet culturally rich nation in Central Europe, is known for its picturesque landscapes, diverse traditions, and a blend of Slavic, Ge

Solomon Is

English, Solomons Pijin, various Melanesian and Polynesian languages

The Solomon Islands is a culturally diverse nation with a rich history and vibrant traditions. It is a place where traditional customs and modern infl

Solomon Islands

SolomonIslands

Melanesian culture with rich maritime traditions, shell money practices, and diverse island communities.

Somalia

Somali, Arabic, English +1

Somalia's culture is deeply rooted in its nomadic heritage, with strong emphasis on family, community, and oral traditions. The country has a rich his

South African

Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaans +8

South Africa is known for its rich cultural diversity, with influences from African, European, and Asian traditions. The nation is home to 11 official

Spanish

Spanish, Catalan, Galician +1

Spanish culture is characterized by its vibrant traditions, diverse regional identities, and a strong emphasis on family and community. It is known fo

Sri Lankan

Sinhala, Tamil, English

Sri Lanka, an island nation in South Asia, boasts a vibrant culture influenced by its multi-ethnic and multi-religious society. The culture is a blend

Sudanese

Arabic, English, Nubian languages +2

Sudanese culture is a tapestry of ethnic diversity, historical depth, and resilient spirit. It includes vibrant music, intricate art, and a strong sen

Surinamese

Dutch, Sranan Tongo, Hindi +3

Surinamese culture is a vibrant blend of multiple ethnic influences, characterized by its diverse cultural practices, languages, and traditions.

Swedish

Swedish

Swedish culture is deeply rooted in a history of social democracy and is known for its progressive values, high quality of life, and commitment to sus

Swiss

German, French, Italian +1

Swiss culture is a blend of German, French, Italian, and Romansh influences, reflecting the country's linguistic diversity. It is known for its neutra

Syrian

Arabic, Kurdish, Aramaic +1

Syrian culture is characterized by its deep historical roots, diverse ethnicities, and a blend of ancient and modern influences. It is known for its r

Sámi

Sámi

Indigenous people of northern Scandinavia, known for reindeer herding, joik singing, and distinctive handicrafts.

Taiwanese

Mandarin Chinese, Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka +1

Taiwanese culture is characterized by a rich tapestry of traditions and modern influences, shaped by its history as a crossroads of various cultures.

Tajikistan

Tajik, Russian, Uzbek

Tajikistan's culture is a blend of ancient Persian influences and Soviet-era legacies, characterized by its language, traditions, and social norms. Th

Tanzanian

Swahili, English, Chaga +2

Tanzania is home to over 120 ethnic groups, each contributing to a vibrant cultural mosaic. The culture is characterized by a blend of indigenous trad

Teke

Teke, French

The Teke culture is characterized by its strong emphasis on community, traditional leadership, and vibrant artistic expressions. They are known for th

Telengits

Telengit, Russian

The Telengits are a small indigenous group residing primarily in the Altai Republic of Russia. They have a distinct cultural identity characterized by

Teleuts

Teleut, Russian

The Teleuts are a Turkic-speaking ethnic group with a history rooted in the Altai region of Siberia. They have traditionally been engaged in semi-noma

Thai

Thai

Thai culture is a blend of influences from Indian, Chinese, and Burmese traditions, with a unique identity marked by its language, religion, and custo

Tharus

Tharu, Nepali, Hindi

The Tharus are known for their distinct cultural identity, which includes traditional dances, vibrant festivals, and a deep connection to their natura

Tibetans

Tibetan, Mandarin, Nepali

Tibetan culture is deeply intertwined with Buddhism, which influences their art, music, and daily life. The region's harsh climate and geography have

Ticuna

Ticuna

The Ticuna are one of the largest indigenous groups in the Amazon, residing mainly in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. They are known for their vibrant cul

Tigrayan

Tigrayan

Ethnic group primarily in northern Ethiopia and Eritrea, with ancient Christian heritage and agricultural traditions.

Timor-Leste

Tetum, Portuguese, Indonesian +1

Timor-Leste is a culturally diverse nation with influences from Austronesian, Melanesian, and Portuguese cultures. It is known for its vibrant traditi

Togolese

French, Ewe, Kabye +2

Togo's culture is a tapestry woven from its ethnic diversity, colonial history, and contemporary global influences. The country is known for its music

Tonga

Tongan, English

Tonga is a Polynesian kingdom comprising over 170 islands, known for its vibrant culture, traditional dances, and communal lifestyle. The culture is c

Tongan

Tongan, English

Tongan culture is deeply rooted in Polynesian traditions, with a strong emphasis on family, respect for elders, and communal living. It is characteriz

Tongans

Tongan, English

Tongan culture is characterized by strong family ties, respect for elders, and a communal lifestyle. It is deeply influenced by its Polynesian heritag

Tooro

Rutoro

The Tooro people are part of the Bantu ethnic group in Uganda, primarily residing in the Tooro Kingdom. They have a strong cultural heritage that incl

Toraja

Toraja-Sa'dan, Indonesian

The Toraja culture is deeply rooted in animism and has been influenced by Christianity. They are renowned for their unique funeral ceremonies, which a

Torres Strait Islanders

Meriam Mir, Kala Lagaw Ya, Torres Strait Creole

The Torres Strait Islanders are known for their rich cultural heritage, unique languages, and strong ties to both land and sea. Their culture is heavi

Totonac

Totonac, Spanish

The Totonac culture is known for its rich history, vibrant traditions, and significant contributions to Mesoamerican civilization. They are famous for

Toubou

Teda, Dazaga

The Toubou people, also known as Tubu, inhabit the central Sahara, primarily in Chad, Niger, and southern Libya. They are traditionally nomadic pastor

Toucouleur

Pulaar, French

The Toucouleur people are a prominent ethnic group in West Africa, with a history deeply intertwined with the spread of Islam in the region. They are

Trawara

Trawaran, Regional dialects

Trawara culture is characterized by its harmonious relationship with the environment, vibrant artistic expressions, and strong community bonds. It emp

Trinidad and Tobago

English, Trinidadian Creole, Tobagonian Creole

Trinidad and Tobago's culture is a blend of African, Indian, European, and indigenous influences, reflected in its music, cuisine, and festivals. The

Tunica-Biloxi

English, Tunica, Biloxi

The Tunica-Biloxi Tribe of Louisiana is a federally recognized Native American tribe. Historically, they were two distinct tribes, the Tunica and the

Tunisian

Arabic, French, Berber

Tunisian culture is characterized by its diverse influences, including Arab, Berber, Ottoman, and French elements. It is known for its vibrant music,

Tupuri

Tupuri, French, Chadian Arabic

The Tupuri people are a distinct ethnic group in Central Africa, residing mainly in the southwest of Chad and the north of Cameroon. They have a popul

Turkana

Turkana

The Turkana are traditionally pastoralists, with a rich cultural heritage that includes unique practices in livestock management, social organization,

Turkish

Turkish

Turkish culture is characterized by its diverse heritage, influenced by the Ottoman Empire, Islamic traditions, and modern Western elements. It is kno

Turkmenistan

Turkmen, Russian

Turkmenistan, located in Central Asia, is a nation with a deep history and vibrant cultural traditions. It is known for its unique carpet weaving, tra

Tuscarora

Tuscarora, English

The Tuscarora are one of the Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. Originally from the region that is now modern-day North Carolina, they moved nor

Tutchones

Northern Tutchone, Southern Tutchone

The Tutchones are part of the Athabaskan-speaking peoples in the Yukon. They traditionally lived in the central and southern Yukon and have a strong c

Tutejszy

Polish, Belarusian, Ukrainian

Tutejszy, meaning 'locals' in Polish, refers to a cultural group that emerged in the borderlands of Eastern Europe, particularly in areas that are now

Tutsi

Kinyarwanda, Kirundi, French +1

The Tutsi people have a complex history intertwined with the Hutu and Twa ethnic groups. Traditionally pastoralists, they have played significant role

Ugandan

English, Swahili, Luganda +5

Uganda is a culturally diverse country in East Africa, known for its numerous ethnic groups, languages, and traditions. The culture is shaped by a var